Interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels using natural based dyes initiating systems: Antibacterial activity and 3D/4D performance

• Interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels are prepared in mild conditions. Stable 3D patterns were successfully produced through direct laser write (DLW) technology. 4D printing could be achieved even presence of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) The new materials exhibit very interesting antibacterial activities. In the past few decades, interpenetrating have attracted huge attention due to their special cell-like structures, interface, and two-phase continuity, which has synergistic effects on performance function. this work, best candidates selected from firstly synthesized 11 dyes based 1-aryl-3-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one or 3-aryl-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop, then combined with an amine (i.e., 1,4-(dimethylamino) ethyl benzoate, EDB) iodonium salts (bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)iodonium hexafluorophosphate, Iod) as a three-component visible light photoinitiating systems (PIS) induce both free-radical photopolymerization (FRP) poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEG-DA) cationic (CP) 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3?,4?-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate (EPOX) situ reduction cations into prepare polymers activity for Gram-positive bacteria (e.g. Staphylococcus aureus) Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa). More interestingly, stable technique, they exhibited reversible swelling properties shape memory caused by dehydration processes, thus enabling printing.